CSAT TEST SERIES – 2
1) Direction for the following 2 (two) items:
The following two items are based on the graph given below which shows the bonus (in rupees) received by Employees and Officers in the years 2005, 2008, 2011, 2014, 2016 and 2019. Study the graph and answer the two items that follow.
1. Find the ratio between the average bonus received by officers in years 2011 and 2014 with that received by employees in years 2005 and 2008.
(a) 11 : 13
(b) 13 : 11
(c) 11 : 9
(d) 6 : 11
2. The bonus received by officers and employees together in 2016 is what percentage more than the difference of the bonuses received by employees in 2005 and 2008?
(a) 10%
(b) 65%
(c) 120%
(d) 1300%
3. A group of 15 non-vegetarian people and 10 vegetarian people have an average weight of 38.4 kg. If non-vegetarian people have an average weight of 40 kg, then what must be the average weight of the vegetarian people?
(a) 44 kg
(b) 36 kg
(c) 26 kg
(d) 24 kg
4. A person sold 64 kg of rice partially at 7% loss and the rest at 9% profit. He suffered 2% loss on the whole. What quantity of rice was sold at profit?
(a) 24 kg
(b) 11 kg
(c) 44 kg
(d) 20 kg
5. Sonali leaves Delhi at 4 pm by a train and reaches Pune at 10 pm. Priyanka leaves Pune at 6 pm by a train and reaches Delhi at 11 pm on the same day. What is the time when they crossed each other?
(a) 7:49 pm
(b) 7:20 pm
(c) 6:50 pm
(d) 8:20 pm
6. A company X sold apple juice at cost price by mixing water in it and gained a profit of 25%. What must be the ratio of juice and water in the mixture?
(a) 1:5
(b) 3:2
(c) 4:1
(d) 2:3
7. What will be the average of 252, 262, 272,………..402
(a) 1077.5
(b) 1090.5
(c) 1067.5
(d) 1125.5
Directions for the following 3 (three) items: Read the following two passages and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only.
Passage – 1
Poverty is hunger. Poverty is a lack of shelter. Poverty is being sick and not being able to see a doctor. Poverty is not having access to school and not knowing how to read. Poverty is not having a job, fear for the future, and living one day at a time. Poverty has many faces, changing from place to place and across time, and has been described in many ways. Most often, poverty is a situation people want to escape. So, poverty is a call to action — for the poor and the wealthy alike — a call to change the world so that many more may have enough to eat, adequate shelter, access to education and health, protection from violence, and a voice in what happens in their communities. There is no one cause of poverty, and the results of it are different in every case. Poverty varies considerably depending on the situation. Feeling poor in Canada is different from living in poverty in Russia or Zimbabwe. The differences between rich and poor within the borders of a country can also be great. Despite the many definitions, one thing is certain; poverty is a complex societal issue. No matter how poverty is defined, it can be agreed that it is an issue that requires everyone’s attention.
8. What does the author mean by ‘call to action’?
(a) Defining the poverty line in the broadest manner.
(b) Bringing substantive democracy, not just procedural democracy.
(c) Reduce the income divide between rich and poor countries.
(d) Eradicating material and non-material deprivations in a human life.
9. Why, according to the author, is poverty a complex issue?
1. Inter-country and Intra-country variations in dimensions of poverty
2. It requires everyone’s attention.
3. Poverty is more, much more than just not having enough money.
(a) 2 and 3 only
(b) 1, 2 and 3
(c) 3 only
(d) 1 and 3 only
Passage – 2
Within the freedom to choose are those endowments that make us uniquely human. In addition to self awareness, we have imagination- the ability to create in our minds beyond our present reality. We have conscience- a deep inner awareness of right and wrong, of the principles that govern our behaviour, and a sense of the degree to which our thoughts and actions are in harmony with them. And we have an independent will the ability to act based on our self-awareness, free of all other influences.
Even the most intelligent animals have none of these endowments. To use a computer metaphor, they are programmed by instinct and/or training. They can be trained to be responsible, but they can’t take responsibility for that training; in other words, they can’t direct it. They can’t change the programming. They’re not even aware of it.
10. Which of the following is the most logical and rational inference that can be made from the above passage?
(a) If trained properly, animals can also exercise freedom of choice.
(b) Animals act as per their instincts.
(c) Animals are capable of taking responsibility for their innovative actions.
(d) Training can make animals responsible, aware and intelligent.
11. A Bullet train travels 50% faster than a Shatabdi Express train. Both start from point P at the same time and reach point Q, 125 km away from P at the same time. On the way however, the Bullet train lost about 17.5 minutes while stopping at the stations. The speed of Shatabdi Express train is:
(a) 71.4 km/hr
(b) 102.85 km/hr
(c) 142.85 km/hr
(d) 79.12 km/hr
12. A man buys alcohol at Rs. 12.20 per litre. Then, he adds water into it and sells the mixture at Rs. 19 per litre, and manages to book a profit of 42.5%. The ratio of alcohol to water received by his customer is –
(a) 1 : 10
(b) 12 : 31
(c) 133 : 11
(d) 11 : 133
13. A museum has an average of 640 visitors on each Saturdays and Sundays, while 310 visitors on other days. The average number of visitors per day in a month of 30 days beginning with a Saturday is
(a) 560
(b) 240
(c) 620
(d) 420
Direction for the following 2 (two) items: The following two items are based on graph given below which shows the Covid-19 vaccination (in 2021) by different cities for three consecutive months viz. April, May, June of the same year. Study the graph and answer the two items that follow.
14. The ratio of minimum vaccination and maximum vaccination of which city is the highest?
(a) Agra
(b) Lucknow
(c) Noida
(d) Allahabad
15. Average number of vaccinations done in Lucknow is approximately what percentage of the average number of vaccinations done in Jhansi?
(a) 523%
(b) 314%
(c) 121%
(d) 157%
16. Consider the two statements given below and the question that follows.
Statement I: Average of x, y and z is 42 years.
Statement II: Thrice the sum of the ages of x and y is 60 years.
Question: What is the age of z?
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the question and the statements?
(a) Statement I alone is sufficient to answer the question.
(b) Statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question.
(c) Both statements I and II are required to answer the question.
(d) Even both statements I and II together are not sufficient to answer the question.
17. Rohan works in a sanitizer factory. In a 176 ltr mixture of glycer and alcohol, there’s 80% alcohol. How much alcohol should be evaporated from the mixture to reduce its percentage to 60%?
(a) 78 ltr
(b) 88 ltr
(c) 72 ltr
(d) 76 ltr
18. If triplicate ratio of the ages of Ram and his father is 8 : 125, and duplicate ratio of his father and his grandfather’s age is 36 : 49, then what is the ratio of the ages of Ram and his grandfather?
(a) 8 : 7
(b) 16 : 35
(c) 12 : 35
(d) 16 : 14
19. Dinesh, a vegetable seller, cycled to market at a constant speed of 30 km/h. He covered first 70% of the total distance in 10 min more than the time taken in covering the remaining 30% of the total distance. How far is the market?
(a) 12 km
(b) 12.5 km
(c) 9 km
(d) 18 km
Directions for the following 3 (three) items: Read the following two passages and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only.
Passage – 1
The Japanese macaques provide fascinating evidence of how capable monkeys have become at learning. Several troops of them have been studied by Japanese scientists. One troop lives in the high mountains of northern Japan where in winter the snow lies thick. Observers watched the monkeys extend their range into a part of the forest that none of them had explored before. It contained some hot volcanic springs. The monkeys investigated and found that warm water could provide a delicious bath. A few tried it. Soon the habit spread. Now all the monkeys there take hot baths every winter. The curiosity that led to this discovery, and the adaptability that allowed the animals to incorporate the new activity into their regular behaviour, is typical of the enterprise of the macaques.
20. According to the passage, what conclusion/ conclusions can be drawn from the studies done by Japanese scientists?
1. Japanese macaques can learn to survive the cold winters of northern Japan.
2. Japanese macaques can learn new activities.
3. Japanese macaques, in general, are curious.
Select the correct answer from the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only.
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Passage – 2
Given that cities are concentrated centers of population and economic activities, any impact and disruption, whether natural or human-induced, has the potential to affect vast numbers of people. The expected impact of climate change poses a massive challenge to cities. These impacts will vary from city to city, as well as within the city. For instance, coastal cities are vulnerable to rising sea levels, to more intense precipitation that increases the likelihood of flooding in low lying areas and landslides on steep slopes, and to extended heat waves that threaten cities unaccustomed to very hot summers. In every city, the poorest populations are the most vulnerable, because they have the least adaptive capacity and often occupy areas that are most exposed to hazards. Building resilience and adapting to climate change are therefore a high priority for cities. Yet city managers and practitioners serving the urban poor often point out that the multiple competing priorities are challenging enough; paying attention to uncertain future climate impacts is thus seen as a lower priority.
21. With reference to the passage, suggest why climate change can be hazardous for cities.
1, They are concentrated centers of population.
2. They are centers of economic activity.
Select the correct answer using the codes below.
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 1 only
(c) 2 only
(d) None
22. Which one of the following best reflects the most practical and lasting solution(s) of the problem mentioned in the passage above?
(a) Cities should not be settled in areas prone to hazards like low lying areas or on steep slopes.
(b) Cities should be made disaster resilient and follow the principle of “build back better”.
(c) Cities should have robust public transport and industries based on clean technologies.
(d) Urban planners should make policies with co-benefits to urban poverty reduction and adaptation to climate change.
Direction for the following 2 (two) items:
The following two items are based on the graph given below, which shows the number of male and female students who have taken different optional subjects in the board exam. Study the graph and answer the two items that follow.
23. The number of females that have chosen computer is how many times of the number of females that have chosen Arts?
(a) 2.2
(b) 2
(c) 2.02
(d) 2.10
24. If 50 percent males that have chosen Sanskrit and 40 percent females that have chosen computer are selected to form a group for an educational tour, then what is the ratio of males and females in this group?
(a) 12 : 11
(b) 5 : 4
(c) 3 : 2
(d) 15 : 11
25. Average expense of a company for first 4 years is Rs. 2x. Expense in the 5th year exceed the previous average by Rs. 15. What is the average expense for 5 years?
(a) 2.5x + 5
(b) 8x + 3
(c) 10x + 15
(d) 2x + 3
26. Two drums are filled with a mixture of milk and water, such that they have 30% and 23% water respectively. If the contents of both drums are mixed together, the water content in the resulting mixture is 26%. What is the ratio of water in the two drums?
(a) 1 : 3
(b) 3 : 2
(c) 3 : 4
(d) 1 : 4
27. A dishonest shopkeeper sells mustard oil at cost price. But while doing so he mixes palm oil in mustard oil, and earns a profit of 20%. What must be the percent of palm oil in the mixture being sold? (Assuming the price of palm oil as zero)
(a) (25/2)%
(b) 20%
(c) 25%
(d) (50/3)%
28. In a community milk donation centre, four people donate equal quantity of milk, such that ratio of milk and water in the mixtures donated are 1 : 4, 2 : 3 , 3 : 7, and 9 : 1 respectively. All the donated milk is kept in a large container. What must be the ratio of milk and water in the container?
(a) 9 : 11
(b) 9 : 10
(c) 18 : 11
(d) 15 : 16
29. Chandrika runs an e–rickshaw from A to B, which are 20 km apart, at a speed of 4 km/hr, and from B to C, which are 30 km apart, at a speed of 6 km/hr, and then from C to D which are 10 km apart. If his average speed during the whole journey is 5 km/hr, then what must have been the speed of e-rickshaw from C to D?
(a) 5 km/hr
(b) 8 km/hr
(c) 7 km/hr
(d) 10 km/hr
Directions for the following 3 (three) items: Read the following three passages and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only.
Passage – 1
Verstehen is the procedure by which sociologists gain access to the meanings behind human actions. Verstehen requires researchers to place themselves in the position of the individual they observe to see and comprehend the meanings behind the person’s action and meanings attached to the motivation, purposes or outcomes of their actions. This becomes important as actions can have different meanings in different cultures and societies. Without proper investigation, one is at risk of misinterpreting the data collected. A good example would be body gestures like handshakes, hugs, waving, and clapping among others in different cultures.
30. Which one of the following statements best reflects the crux of the passage?
(a) Verstehen can be used to predict human actions in future.
(b) Results provided by Verstehen are context specific.
(c) Verstehen can give misleading results if not applied properly.
(d) The motivation of a person behind his action can’t be comprehended.
Passage – 2
Education in India needs root and branch reform, not just tinkering from the top or ideological realignment. Not just science and technology, but humanities and social studies need augmentation and encouragement.
Deep cognition is not possible without heightened competence in multiple languages, texts, and traditions. We are doing little to ensure that critical thinking, excellence, and creativity are incentivised instead of quotas, patronage, or political connections. Mostly, we are anti-this or that, with little knowledge of either ourselves or the West which ruled us for so long. As to China or Russia or Brazil to name some other important countries, we know next to nothing. Outside a small circle of elite services, there is no concerted attempt to understand the world or become better equipped to face it.
31. Which one of the following statements best reflects the crux of the passage?
(a) There is an urgent need to improve elementary education in India.
(b) India can learn from the education systems of China, Russia, and Brazil.
(c) India needs to reform education to tackle the future uncertainties of the globe.
(d) Quotas and patronage in higher education had made most of our graduates unemployable.
Passage – 3
The idea of initiating cultural exchange programs was first hatched after the 2nd World War when the people of different countries wanted to unify against violence and hate among nations. The concept is essentially a process that involves a two-way transfer of an individual to a different country from their home country to promote their home country’s values and culture and imbibe the visiting country’s traditions and way of life. It is a method of improving relations amongst nations wherein they can respect and understand the needs and values of other nations in the world, which increases the probability of desired relations of trade and commerce, as well as political relations, due to the attraction that this concept garners.
32. Which one of the following statements best reflects the central idea of the passage?
(a) Cultural exchanges can contribute to the development of a peaceful, unilateral world.
(b) Cultural exchange became a necessity for developing nations due to their developmental needs.
(c) Cultural exchange programs help in the wholesome development of an individual and strengthen international relations between countries.
(d) In the post-second world war period, cultural diplomacy gained significance to solve the existing disputes between the nations.
33. Mr. Singh, a policeman, was chasing a criminal on his motorcycle at a speed of 50 km/h. The criminal was riding on a bicycle at a speed of 30 km/h ahead of him. If the policeman takes 15 min to catch the criminal, then find the extra distance travelled by Mr. Singh to catch the criminal (i.e. the difference in the distances covered by the thief and the policeman)?
(a) 10 km
(b) 9 km
(c) 12 km
(d) 5 km
34. In a horse race, for the first round Kalicharan makes his horse run at an average speed of 40 km/h, and in the second round he increases the speed by 50%. What is the average speed of the horse in the whole race?
(a) 38 km/h
(b) 52 km/h
(c) 48 km/h
(d) 64 km/ hr
35. Nitin is preparing for sub-inspector running test, where he needs to run 5 km. If he runs at a speed 20 km/hr and after every kilometer he takes a rest for 3 min, then how much time will he take to finish the race?
(a) 29 min
(b) 27 min
(c) 30 min
(d) 31 min
36. Mridul is a seller of cattle feeds. In 108 kg of cattle feed, he had some quantity of Rs. 60/kg type cattle feed and some quantity of Rs. 72/kg type cattle feed. By selling the mixture at Rs. 68.25/kg he gained a profit of 5%. What quantity of Rs. 72/kg type cattle feed did he add?
(a) 45 kg
(b) 35 kg
(c) 30 kg
(d) 58 kg
37. In two schools A and B, boys and girls are in the ratio of 4 : 5 and 3 : 1 respectively. A group of students has to be made for cleaning the beach. In what ratio should the students be selected from the two schools to get equal number of boys and girls in the group?
(a) 7 : 2
(b) 8 : 1
(c) 9 : 2
(d) 10 : 1
Direction for the following 2 (two) items: The following two items are based on the graph given below, which shows the number of books purchased by four friends P, Q, R and S in the years 2020 and 2021 for study. Study the graph and answer the two items that follow.
38. What is the ratio of the number of books purchased by R and S together in 2020, to the number of books purchased by P and Q together in the year 2020?
(a) 14 : 15
(b) 13 : 14
(c) 14 : 13
(d) 15 : 14
39. The number of books purchased by Q in the year 2020 is approximately what percent more/less than those purchased by S in the year 2021?
(a) 17%
(b) 40%
(c) 63%
(d) 30%
40. In a game, average score of 25 players is 80, but when double checked some mistakes were found. It was found that in actuality a player scored 65 more and one other player scored 40 less than was earlier counted. What would be the correct average?
(a) 243
(b) 49
(c) 121
(d) 81
41. The average of 80 numbers is 68. If two numbers 36 and 74 are removed, then what would be the new average?
(a) 71.03
(b) 68.33
(c) 69.46
(d) 72.13
Directions for the following 5 (five) items: Read the following three passages and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only.
Passage – 1
Agriculture is the backbone of Africa’s economy and accounts for the majority of livelihoods across the continent. Africa is therefore an exposure and vulnerability “hot spot” for climate variability and change impacts. IPCC projections suggest that warming scenarios risk having devastating effects on crop production and food security. Key risks to agriculture include reduced crop productivity associated with heat and drought stress and increased pest damage, disease damage and flood impacts on food system infrastructure, resulting in serious adverse effects on food security and livelihoods at the regional, national, and individual household levels. By the middle of this century, major cereal crops grown across Africa will be adversely impacted, albeit with regional variability and differences between crops. Under the worst-case climate change scenario, a reduction in mean yield of 13% is projected in West and Central Africa, 11% in North Africa, and 8% in East and Southern Africa. Millet and sorghum are the most promising crops, with a yield loss by 2050 of just 5% and 8%, respectively, due to their greater resilience to heat-stress conditions, while rice and wheat are expected to be the most affected crops with a yield loss by 2050 of 12% and 21%, respectively. In the drought-prone sub-Saharan African countries, the number of undernourished people has increased by 45.6% since 2012 according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
42. Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made:
1. Negative consequences of climate change are concentrated in West and Central Africa where a disproportionately large number of low-income countries are located.
2. Coastal degradation is a major challenge in Africa, and this is expected to worsen due to the rise in the sea level.
Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 2 only
(d) None
43. Based on the above passage, which of the following are true concerning agriculture in Africa?
1. Millet and sorghum will witness an increase in production in future due to their greater resilience to heat-stress conditions.
2. Decline in the nutritional value of the crops in the future.
3. Likely decline in profits and/or employment in the agricultural sector in the future.
4. Serious risk of decline in agricultural productivity in the future.
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 4 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 3 and 4 only
44. Which of the following is/are the most rational and logical Inference/Inferences that can be made from the passage?
1. Warmer temperatures increase conditions for the survivability of agricultural pests.
2. More bio-engineered crops need to be introduced in Africa to ensure food security. Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Passage – 2
Scholars on disaster management conceptualize recovery as action taken to rebuild lives once the hazardous situation has passed. However, this has been commonly interpreted as providing food, water, and medicines. Even in instances where States have moved beyond this, long-term recovery measures have largely focused on addressing physical vulnerabilities such as the provision of shelter. While these interventions are crucial, long-term recovery needs much more, but it is tricky because everyday vulnerabilities stemming from poverty are accentuated by recurring hazards.
45. What is the crucial message conveyed by the above passage?
(a) State governments need to invest more in post-disaster recovery focusing on long term measures.
(b) Loss of shelter due to disasters is the most critical hindrance in long-term recovery.
(c) Further studies are required for giving solutions to long-term recovery from disasters.
(d) Long-term recovery from disasters is difficult without the resolution of poverty.
Passage – 3
Political philosophy has been practiced for as long as human beings have regarded their collective arrangements not as immutable and part of the natural order but as potentially open to change, and therefore as requiring philosophical justification. It can be found in many different cultures and has taken a wide variety of forms. There are two reasons for this diversity. First, the methods and approaches used by political philosophers reflect the general philosophical tendencies of their epoch. But second, the political philosopher’s agenda is largely set by the pressing political issues of the day.
46. Which of the following is/are the most rational and logical Inference/Inferences that can be made from the passage?
1. Practice of political philosophy has and will always be open to change because of the nature of humans to seek philosophical justification.
2. Methods of political philosophers reflect the state of political affairs of the society.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 only
(d) None
47. A mixture of 90 litres of milk and water has 19% of water in it. What quantity of water should be added to the mixture, so as to make the percentage of water 46% in the resulting mixture?
(a) 30 litres
(b) 45 litres
(c) 60 litres
(d) 25 litres
48. For making Sambhar bada, if we use two parts of rice and one part of urad dal, then find the percentage of rice and urad dal in that dish?
(a) 166.67%, 133.33%
(b) 68.33%, 33.33%
(c) 66.67%, 33.33%
(d) 66.67%, 36.67%
49. In a mixture of purified water and normal water, the proportion of purified water is 60% by weight. If from 80 gm of the mixture, 20 gm is taken out and 6 gm of normal water is added to the mixture, then find the ratio of purified water and normal water in the new mixture?
(a) 3 : 2
(b) 5 : 6
(c) 4 : 5
(d) 6 : 5
50. Ratio of the speeds of Priyanka and Priya is 4:5. If Priya takes 44 minutes to reach a destination, then find the time taken by Priyanka to reach the same destination?
(a) 36 minutes
(b) 42 minutes
(c) 55 minutes
(d) 56 minutes
51. Akash and Sourabh start running simultaneously from the ends (P and Q respectively) of a straight track of length 1000 m, with their speeds being in the ratio 7 : 3 respectively. Whenever Akash reaches either of the ends, he turns around and continues running at the same speed. Whenever Sourabh meets Akash, he turns around and continues running at the same speed. When Akash comes back at P for the first time, how far (in meters) is Sourabh from point Q?
(a) 377.1 m
(b) 1000 m
(c) 933.5 m
(d) 700.5 m
52. Simran completes her journey in 10 hours. If she completes half of her journey at a speed of 11 km/hr and the other half of the journey at a speed of 14 km/hr, then find the total distance in km.
(a) 61.6 km
(b) 51.3 km
(c) 102.6 km
(d) 123.2 km
53. The pie-chart given below shows the total population of a village, and percent distribution of population of different communities in that village. Study the pie-chart and answer the question that follows.
Total population of Hindu, Muslims and Sikhs is how much percent more than the total population of Christians and Others?
(a) 21.3%
(b) 70.27%
(c) 50.65%
(d) 28.5%
54. In a factory, ratio of male and female workers is 8 : 5. There are 750 literate females. If 20% male and 25% female workers are illiterate, then what is the number of literate males?
(a) 1250
(b) 1220
(c) 1240
(d) 1280
55. The following graph shows the number of houses (in thousands) built under PMAY in different states. Study the graph and answer the question that follows.
Number of houses made in state F is what percent of the total number houses made in all the states together?
(a) 6.5%
(b) 6%
(c) 8%
(d) 7.6%
56. For flood affected rehabilitation, 9 people contributed some wheat, their average contribution being 450 kg. One other person also made a contribution, such that he contributed 450 kg more than the average of all these 10 persons. Find the total contribution made by these 10 people.
(a) 5000 kg
(b) 4500 kg
(c) 4050 kg
(d) 9000 kg
57. What will be the average of a, a + 2, a + 4, a + 6, ………, a + 12, where a ɛ N.
(a) a + 6
(b) 2a + 12
(c) a + 12
(d) a + 24
58. The following graph shows the number of people (in thousand) reading three different types of newspapers in the given six years. Study the graph and answer the question that follows.
Number of people reading paper H in the year 2016 is what percent of the total number of people reading all newspapers in the year 2019?
(a) 50%
(b) 35%
(c) 25%
(d) 28%
59. In a fund collection for flood affected rehabilitation, there was a total collection of Rs. 7700 in notes having denomination of Rs. 100, Rs. 50 and Rs. 20 in the ratio of 4 : 5 : 6.
Consider the following statements.
1. Total number of all notes is 120.
2. There are 40 notes of Rs. 100.
3. The sum of the number of notes of Rs. 50 and Rs. 20 is 120.
Which of the above statements is/are correct? Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) Only 1 and 2
(b) Only 2
(c) Only 2 and 3
(d) All 1, 2 and 3
60. Price of 15 shirts and 21 pants is equal to the price of 18 shirts and 12 pants. What is the ratio of the prices of one shirt and one pant?
(a) 1 : 3
(b) 4 : 5
(c) 3 : 1
(d) 5 : 4
61. The following graph shows the quantity of the exports of Rice, Pulses and Cashew (in lakh kg) in the given four years. Study the graph and answer the question that follows.
What is the ratio of the percentage increase in rice export and cashew export from the year 2013 to 2014?
(a) 2 : 1
(b) 3 : 2
(c) 4 : 6
(d) 8 : 5
Directions for the following 6 (six) items:
Read the following four passages and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only.
Passage – 1
Robots increasingly operate among people, and they now work alongside us in factories and warehouses, share our streets and sidewalks, clean our homes, and care for the most vulnerable among us. These emerging social contexts add new requirements to the knowledge that successful roboticists need. Many roboticists learn the basics of human-machine interaction and usability. Far fewer learn foundational concepts from cognitive science on decision-making by human agents, human navigation and way-finding, human communication, and human interpretation of intentional behaviour that could be used to help robots interpret human actions. All autonomous systems may have ethical impacts, and all should be designed to avoid unethical outcomes. Designers bear some responsibility for their designs, even in a world where the autonomous systems they design eventually design other autonomous systems.
62. Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made:
1. There is a need for more learning in robotics regarding the interpretation of human actions.
2. There should not be any confusion that ethical outcomes should be one of the priorities of the designers of autonomous systems.
Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
63. Which one of the following statements best reflects the crux of the passage?
(a) Dependence of humans on robots is going to be the future of human society.
(b) Implementation of robots in human society shall be done by ethical scientists.
(c) It is difficult to ascertain the future social contexts in the sphere of human-machine interaction.
(d) With the increased use of robots for humans, the ethical dimension of their design and functionality should be given due consideration.
Passage – 2
The 30 million farmers in India are the ones possessing one hectare or more land, which is the minimum holding required for agriculture per se to generate a major share of any family’s income. It also means that “agriculture policy” should primarily target these 30 million households. Farm incomes can, realistically speaking, be doubled, or tripled only for those truly dependent on agriculture and having enough land to productively deploy labour and capital resources. They must be enabled to do so, through improved access to markets, water, electricity, credit, and other productivity-enhancing inputs. The whole focus should be to lower their production costs by raising yields, while simultaneously ensuring higher input use efficiency and minimal environmental footprint. The question that naturally arises is where does this leave the remaining 60-65 million households – those having less than one-hectare land and “agricultural” only in name? The answer is simple: Their future lies outside the farms.
64. Which of the following is/are the most rational and logical Inference/Inferences that can be made from the passage?
1. It is not possible to double the income of every farmer in the country.
2. Government should use the policy of subsidies to ensure minimum production costs of the farmers.
3. Most of the farmers in the country may not receive the benefits of the agricultural policy.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Passage – 3
The metaverse has the promise and potential to become an extension of people’s lives—opening the door into a parallel virtual reality where people could opt to live, work, and play continuously in real-time. In terms of advanced connectivity, there are numerous wireless connectivity technologies today that must be addressed. Bluetooth lacks range, rate, and reliability. Current generations of WiFi offer the required speed but suffer from congestion and high latencies once multiple devices are added. Telecom service providers, technology companies and policymakers need to collaborate to achieve network enhancements and build an efficient infrastructure that supports 5G and high end technology like a metaverse. Lowering the barriers to entry for consumers will be critical in making the metaverse a thriving ecosystem. The most pressing matter is providing “metaverse grade” ubiquitous connectivity. The scaling flexibility of 5G’s high throughput and low latency benefits will go a long way to achieving this, which will tackle the barriers to adoption for consumers.
65. On the basis of the passage given above, the following assumptions have been made:
1. Current level of technology is not adequate for the efficient working of Metaverse.
2. To create a truly connected and attractive universe or Metaverse, quantum computing, mature block chain technology, stable cryptocurrencies and protocols around NFTs are a must.
Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
66. Consider the following suggestions made by the author to make metaverse an integral part of people’s lives?
1. Providing “metaverse grade” ubiquitous connectivity.
2. Replacing outdated technologies like Bluetooth and WiFi with better technologies, such as LiFi
Which of the above is/are the most rational and practical suggestions made by the author?
(a) 2 only
(b) 1 only
(c) 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Passage – 4
All 17 SDGs, set at the UN General Assembly in 2015, are in jeopardy due to the climate crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic and an increase in the number of conflicts worldwide. The “cascading and intersecting” issues impact the environment, food and nutrition, health, peace and security as well as education, according to a UN statement SDG Report 2022. Greenhouse gas emissions are set to rise 14 per cent over a decade, the statement noted, antithetical to the Paris Agreement plan — a 2025 peak followed by a 43 per cent decline by 2030 and Net 2050. The pandemic itself has emerged as one of the biggest threats to several SDGs, the statement said pointing at 15 million “excess deaths” directly or indirectly due to the novel coronavirus by 2021. Economic shocks due to the worldwide health emergency pushed 93 million into poverty in 2020 alone, undoing “more than four years” work at alleviating poverty.
67. Which of the following statements best reflects the central idea of the passage?
(a) The SDGs cannot be achieved by anyone working alone.
(b) The SDGs are in danger of slipping away from reach, along with their years of progress in eradicating poverty, hunger and ignorance.
(c) The SDG targets cannot be achieved by 2030, given the challenges posed by the Covid-19 pandemic, Climate crisis and Russia-Ukraine war.
(d) As the impact of cascading and intersecting issues is more on least developed countries, they need to be supported financially and technologically.
68. Two birds started flying towards the same direction at a speed of 20 km/hr and 25 km/hr. What will be distance between them after 4 hours 45 min?
(a) 22.25 km
(b) 23.75 km
(c) 25.25 km
(d) 26.75 km
69. Sarita started walking around a rectangular field from point A. She walks along the breath of the rectangle, then along the length of the rectangle, and then finally along the diagonal of the rectangle to reach point A again.
If she took 7 hrs to cover the entire journey, then what was her average speed (in km/hr) in the entire journey?
(a) 8 km/hr
(b) 9 km/hr
(c) 7 km/hr
(d) 11 km/hr
70. 100 people were divided into two groups of 40 and 60 people. If the average age of 40 people and 60 people is 50 years and 55 years respectively, what must be the average age of all the persons taken together?
(a) 45 years
(b) 95 years
(c) 53 years
(d) 65 years
71. If third proportion of A and B is (x + y)/(x – y) and value of A is (x2 – y2), then find the value of B.
(a) xy + 1
(b) xy2 + x2y
(c) x + y
(d) x2 + y2
72. Rent of a room is Rs. 9600, which is shared among Kallu, Malkhan, Ramu and Shyam. If contribution ratio of Kallu & Malkhan, Malkhan & Ramu and Ramu & Shyam is 1:2, 2:3 and 5:6 respectively, then what is the contribution of Malkhan in the rent?
(a) Rs. 1400
(b) Rs. 2000
(c) Rs. 1000
(d) Rs. 1600
73. Roshan is a perfume seller. One small bottle of French perfume costs him Rs. 12. In what ratio should he mix Rs. 8.50 per bottle synthetic perfume into this to sell the mixture at Rs. 9.25 and make no profit or loss?
(a) 8:5
(b) 11:3
(c) 10:3
(d) None of the above
74. The bar graph given below provides the data gathered in a survey conducted over 1200 people, regarding their preference for different dishes (in percentage). Study the graph and answer the question that follows.
What is the ratio of the number of people that preferred Pongal and Rogan josh to those that preferred Dhokla?
(a) 5 : 4
(b) 6 : 5
(c) 3 : 2
(d) 1 : 3
75. In an exam, average marks of A, B and C is 650. If marks of B are 50 more than A, and 20 less than C, then what must be the marks of C?
(a) 615
(b) 720
(c) 580
(d) 680
Directions for the following 5 (five) items: Read the following five passages and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only.
Passage – 1
Typically, governments have relied on afforestation and reforestation as a means of establishing trees on non treed land. These strategies have now evolved. The focus is now on forest landscape restoration- the process of regaining ecological functionality and improving human welfare across deforested and degraded forest landscapes.
76. Which of the following is the most logical and rational inference that can be made from the above passage?
(a) With regards to deforestation, the government changed its strategy, keeping in mind the people’s needs and multiple land utility.
(b) The government wants to increase the area under forest cover in India.
(c) The government’s focus on forest landscape restoration is due to its international commitments.
(d) The earlier strategy of establishing trees on non-treed land had failed.
Passage – 2
While environmentally friendly biodegradable plastics are a desirable solution, it is essential that they also fulfill required functional performance parameters (i.e. moisture barrier, heat scalability, etc.) for them to see wide scale adoption. Such scaling up from the lab to commercial processes will be vital to achieve cost reduction and widespread adoption. There is an urgent need to upgrade the infrastructure of government and private testing laboratories so that they are well equipped to test plastics according to Indian Standards (IS) as mentioned in Schedule I of PWM Rules. The manufacturers should also be encouraged through appropriate measures to shift from conventional plastics to biodegradable plastics across categories.
77. According to the passage, the following assumptions are made as to why environmentally friendly plastic is not currently able to emerge as a desirable solution to the problem of plastic?
1. It is costlier than conventional plastic.
2. Lack of widespread adoption by the public because the public is not familiar with it.
3. There is not enough production of such plastic.
Which of the assumptions provided above are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Passage – 3
Food, agriculture, and fisheries depend on the world’s natural resources, so future food production will depend on how well these resources are conserved and used. Agriculture is impacted by urban land expansion and by higher water demand from other sectors. Development in coastal zones complicates fisheries governance in traditional fishing areas. The ocean ecosystem is affected by oil and gas exploration, marine shipping, and land-based industries, whose pollution can lead to habitat loss and declining biodiversity. Agricultural risk “hotspots” occur where these resource pressures are most concentrated. The food, agriculture and fisheries system is not only impacted by the environment, but also by production techniques. The excessive use of nutrients in agriculture has been a major source of water pollution and is estimated to have reduced biodiversity in rivers, lakes and wetlands by about one third globally.
78. Which one of the following statements best reflects the most critical inference that can be made from the passage given above?
(a) Sustainable environmental resource governance is the most crucial factor for food security in future.
(b) Agricultural risk hotspots need to be identified and targeted efforts need to be made to bring them out of danger.
(c) Biodiversity and food production depend not only on natural, but also anthropogenic factors.
(d) Unsustainable practices in the food, agriculture and fisheries systems threaten only biodiversity.
Passage – 4
What makes identity politics a significant departure from earlier, pre-identarian forms of the politics of recognition is its demand for recognition on the basis of the very grounds on which recognition has previously been denied: it is qua women, qua blacks, qua lesbians that groups demand recognition. The demand is not for inclusion within the fold of “universal humankind” on the basis of shared human attributes; nor is it for respect “in spite of” one’s differences. Rather, what is demanded is respect for oneself as different.
79. With reference to the above passage, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Pre-identarian forms of politics were inclusive and non-divisive in nature.
2. Everyone has the legal right to recognition everywhere as an individual.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 2 only
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Passage – 5
Economic resources are important for any disaster management. Yet, it has been recognized that economic resources did not necessarily translate into greater investment in this domain, as there is no dearth of issues that demand governments’ attention and resources. Disaster management has seldom acquired importance in the agenda of governance unless there is a major natural or man-made disaster. It has been observed that states which have suffered major disasters are more likely to undertake policy reform in building capacities for tackling them. In rural areas, Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) are democratically decentralized bodies that can display tremendous potential in disaster management as they are closer to the scene and have a better knowledge of local resources/weaknesses. However, their role has been limited mostly to the response phase of any disaster.
80. On the basis of the passage given above, the following assumptions have been made:
1. Disaster management is not a priority in India.
2. The role of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) in framing disaster management policy needs to be widened.
Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2