For the first time, scientists have described a special molecular mechanism of the early phases of programmed cell death, often known as apoptosis.
About Apoptosis:
- It is the process of programmed cell death.
- It is a mechanism that allows cells to self-destruct when stimulated by the appropriate trigger.
- Process:
- It involves condensation of the nucleus and cytoplasm, followed by cellular partitioning into well-defined fragments for disposal.
- The damaged cells are disposed of in an orderly fashion.
- It is used during early development to eliminate unwanted cells; for example, those between the fingers of a developing hand.Â
- In adults, apoptosis is used to rid the body of cells that have been damaged beyond repair and  have become a threat to survival. Such cells can include cancer cells or cells that are infected with bacteria or a virus.
- Apoptosis also removes cells that are normal but no longer needed, such as cells that produce antibodies after the need for the antibody has passed.
- Apoptosis can also be triggered in otherwise normal cells by external stimuli, including nutrient removal, toxins, hormones, heat, and radiation.
- Too much apoptosis in an otherwise normal human being will result in a number of so-called neurodegenerative diseases where cells die when they’re not supposed to die.Â
- It is estimated that a mass of cells equal to body weight is removed by apoptosis each year.